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canton, n.1
1. A corner, an angle; a retreating corner, angle, or nook. Obs.
1534 LD. BERNERS Gold. Bk. M. Aurel. xv, When I kept the Cantons, jetted in the streetes. 1598 YONG Diana 87 The house was quadrant, and at euery Canton was reared vp a high and artificiall tower. 1601 HOLLAND Pliny I. 73 In the inmost nouke of the creeke, the very canton and angle of Botia is washed by the sea. 1653 URQUHART Rabelais I. xlviii, He..with his Artillery began to thunder so terribly upon that canton of the wall.
2. Her. An ordinary of a shield or escutcheon, being a square division less than a quarter, occupying the upper (usually dexter) corner of the shield.
1572 J. BOSSEWELL Armorie II. 39 Whan ye shall see anye token abated, by the dignitie of the Canton. 1662 EVELYN Mem. (1857) I. 389 The King gave us [the Royal Society] the arms of England to be borne in a canton in our arms. 1808 Regul. relat. to Service at Sea IV. i. 79 Merchant Ships are to carry a Red Ensign with the Union Jack in a canton. 1864 BOUTELL Heraldry Hist. & Pop. (ed. 3) 208 Heirs of an heiress, who are not also heirs of their father, should bear on a Canton their father's arms. 1872 RUSKIN Eagle's Nest §235.
b. ‘Also used for the angular spaces between the branches of a cross or saltier’ (Chambers Cycl.).
1830 E. CAMPBELL Dict. Mil. Sc. s.v. Colours, The Second Colour..is the St. George's Cross throughout, the Union in the upper Canton, the other three Cantons black.
3. A quarter; a division of anything; a piece, or part. Cf. CANTLE 2-4. Obs.
1601 HOLLAND Pliny II. 434 A square piece or canton of the fish Tuny salted and condited. 1603 Plutarch's Mor. 462 If you regard number, all Greece..is not able to furnish us, for it would but answere one portion or canton of their [the Persians'] multitude. 1631 R. BRATHWAIT Whimzies, Postmast. 75 Hee quarters out his life into foure cantons, eating, drinking, sleeping, and riding. 1686 BURNET Trav. 255 (L.) Another piece of Holbein's..in which, in six several cantons, the several parts of our Saviour's Passion are represented. 1686 tr. Chardin's Trav. 405 How many Degrees are required to be a canton of thy knowledge?
canton, n.2
1. A song; = CANTO 1.
1594 Zepheria Canzon ii, How many Cantons then, sent I to thee? 1601 SHAKES. Twel. N. I. v. 289 Write loyall Cantons of contemned loue. 1609 HEYWOOD Bryt. Troy XII. xviii, They Oades and Cantons sing.
2. = CANTO 2.
1609 HEYWOOD (title) Troia Britanica, or Great Britaines Troy. A poem deuided into XVII. seuerall Cantons.
Canton, n.3
The name of the city in southern China used attrib. to denote various manufactured articles, as Canton china, crape, enamel, flannel, matting.
1860 Texas Almanac 244 Shirts, Carpets, Canton-Matting, shoes. 1865 M. EYRE Lady's Walks xvii. 195 A lady's worked Canton crape shawl. 1881 C. C. HARRISON Woman's Handiwork I. 47 Canton flannel,..a soft, downy fabric, the same on both sides. Ibid. III. 231 Blue Canton china of the willow pattern. 1889 Anthony's Photogr. Bull. II. 381 A good quality of canton flannel. 1910 S. W. BUSHELL Chinese Art (ed. 2) II. 82 Painted enamels on copper..often known as ‘Canton enamels’. 1968 J. IRONSIDE Fashion Alphabet 222 Canton crêpe. Originally made of silk from Canton, this crêpe is widely used for dresses; it has a very pebbly surface and drapes and hangs beautifully.
canton, v.
1. trans. To quarter, divide:a. To divide (land) into portions; to part, share. Also with out.
1598 FLORIO, Cantonare..Also to canton. 1602 W. WATSON Decacordon 62 marg., The Iesuits are iolly fellowes to cap crownes, to canton Kingdoms. 1622-62 HEYLIN Cosmogr. III. (1673) 159/1 Cantoning his Estates amongst his children. 1701 DE FOE True-born Eng. I. 152 He Canton'd out the Country to his Men, And ev'ry Soldier was a Denizen. 1747 CARTE Hist. Eng. I. 287 The great lords, among whom the country was cantoned. 1875 H. ROGERS Orig. Bible ii. (ed. 3) 68 How contentedly they ‘cantoned’ out the world amongst them.
b. spec. To subdivide into cantons or districts.
1619 SIR D. CARLETON in Relat. Eng. & Germ. Ser. II. (1868) 7 Follow the example of..the Swisse, in cantoning themselves. 1697 POTTER Antiq. Greece III. i. (1715) 2 Being canton'd into a great number of States. 1713 DERHAM Phys.-Theol. IV. x. 172 They..begun to be Cantoned into distinct Nations. 1769 BLACKSTONE Comm. IV. 403 Where any kingdom is cantoned out into provincial establishments. 1851 THIRLWALL Charge 16 note, Hereupon they [the bishops] cantoned their great dioceses into Archdeaconries.
c. transf. To subdivide or cut out (generally).
1653 Consid. Dissolv. Crt. Chancery 36 The cantoning or cutting of the Courts at Westminster into so many County Courts, or parts. 1667 Decay Chr. Piety ix §10. 303 When they came to be..canton'd out into curious aerial notions. 1720 WELTON Suffer. Son of God I. X. 253 Who canton their Devotions in Quadrature with the World.
2. To divide (a part) from, or cut (it) out of a whole; to separate, sever by division. arch. or Obs.
1653 Consid. Dissolv. Crt. Chancery 63 To canton out a part of his Kingdom to be tryed by a Commission. 1681 Whole Duty Nations 14 A Nation or Kingdom is a part of Mankind canton'd from the whole world. c1690 LOCKE Conduct Und. §3 They canton out to themselves a little Goshen in the intellectual world. 1741 WATTS Improv. Mind ix. Wks. (1813) 63 They canton out to themselves a little Province in the intellectual world.
3. intr. (for refl.) To sever or separate oneself, secede, withdraw; fig. to digress. Obs.
1611 COTGR., Se Cantonner, to canton, or cantonnize, it; to seuer themselues from the rest of their fellowes, or from the bodie of a State, and fortifie, quarter, or erect a new State, apart. c1630 DRUMMOND OF HAWTHORNDEN Poems 56/1 Hold those subjects too too wanton, [That] Under an old king dare canton. a1734 NORTH Lives II. 92, I have not cantoned much from the places intended express for particularities of this nature.
4. trans. To quarter (soldiers); to provide with quarters. (Pronounced kæntn and kæntun.)
1700 RYCAUT Hist. Turks III. 384 Leaving some of their Horse Cantoned near the City. 1751 Phil. Trans. XLVII. xxviii. 194 The Greys were cantoon'd in the village of Vucht near Boisleduc. 1755 Mem. Capt. P. Drake II. iii. 141 The small Corps, that were cantooned about that Neighbourhood. 1855 W. SARGENT Braddock's Exped. 142 An absurd plan for cantoning them in small divisions all over the country.
b. fig. To quarter, or locate in detachments.
1773 G. WHITE Selborne xxxviii. 96, I myself have found these birds in little parties in the autumn cantoned all along the Sussex downs. Ibid. (1853) II. xvii. 207 The variegated breed of his son-in-law, Jacob, were cantoned on the other. a1779 H. WALPOLE Mem. Geo. II (1847) III. vi. 157 The whole body of Whigs were cantoned out in attachments to the Dukes of Newcastle and Bedford.
5. intr. (for refl.) To quarter (oneself), take up cantonments or quarters.
1697 POTTER Antiq. Greece (1715) I. iii. 10 His People..canton'd up and down the Country. 1707 Lond. Gaz. No. 4381/1 Our Army hath..received Orders to canton. 1841 ELPHINSTONE Hist. Ind. II. 279 He..cantoned for the rains near the present site of Calcutta.
6. Her. To furnish (a shield or cross) with a canton or cantons; to furnish the cantons with; to place in a canton. See also quot. 1688.
1688 R. HOLME Armoury I. viii. §45 This is of some Blasoned two Barrs Cantoned, thereby shewing that the higher hath a Canton joined to it. 1727-51 CHAMBERS Cycl. s.v., A cross argent, cantoned with four scallop-shells. 1864 BOUTELL Heraldry Hist. & Pop. xxi. §10 (ed. 3) 315 The cross of St. George cantoning in the 1st quarter a sword erect gules.
