“世界级城市(world cities)”的定义:This paper reports the construction of an inventory of world cities based upon their level of advanced producer services. Global service centres are identified and graded for accountancy, advertising, banking/finance and law.
来源:
http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb5.html Note: This Research Bulletin has been published in Cities, 16 (6), (1999), 445-458
1990年代中期的情况:(全球共有55个世界城市,可分为三个档次。)(论文虽发表于1999年,其城市数据当指1990年代中期)
1-10名:
A. ALPHA WORLD CITIES (full service world cities)
12: London, New York, Paris, Tokyo
10: Chicago, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Los Angeles, Milan, Singapore
11-20名:
B. BETA WORLD CITIES (major world cities)
9: San Francisco, Sydney, Toronto, Zurich
8: Brussels, Madrid, Mexico City, Sao Paulo
7: Moscow, Seoul
21-55名:
C. GAMMA WORLD CITIES (minor world cities)
6: Amsterdam, Boston, Caracas, Dallas, Düsseldorf, Geneva, Houston, Jakarta, Johannesburg, Melbourne, Osaka, Prague, Santiago, Taipei, Washington
5: Bangkok, Beijing, Montreal, Rome, Stockholm, Warsaw
4: Atlanta, Barcelona, Berlin, Budapest, Buenos Aires, Copenhagen, Hamburg, Istanbul, Kuala Lumpur, Manila, Miami, Minneapolis, Munich, Shanghai
资料来源:
http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/citylist.html[ 此帖被wbwang280在2009-01-24 12:16重新编辑 ]