[印度]印度闹基督教徒占多数的三个邦 [复制链接]

印度闹独立的基督教徒占多数，说藏语系语言的三个邦和它们的详细资料如下：

1。Mizoram  宗教信仰     基督教徒591，342人85.7% 。佛教徒540，24人7.8%。  印度教徒 4,788人5.0 %。
                 民族成分     Mizo族 518,099人75.1 %。 Bengal族59,092人8.6 %。Lakher族 22,938 人 3.3 %。
2.Nagaland  宗教信仰     基督教徒1,057,940人87.5 %。印度教徒122,473人10.1 %。穆斯林20,642人1.7%
                 民族成分    Naga族1, 118,099人75.1 %。Assam族152,123人12.6 %。Bengal族137,539 人11.4 %。
3.Manipur    宗教信仰  印度教徒1,059,470人57.7 %.基督教徒626,699 人34.1% .穆斯林133,535 人7.3 %
                 民族成分 Manipur族1,110,134 人60.4 %.Thado族103,667 人5.6 %.Tangkhul族100,088人5.4 %.

鬧獨立和宗教有關係嗎？還是因為民族原因，而正好那些民族都是同一宗教？（即是說，宗教是直接原因還是間接原因？）

我認為真正問題是民族
印度東北部鬧獨立的這幾個民族都是黃種人, 不管外型還是文化還是服裝看起來還比較接近中國雲南人.

East India should gain independence~

全世界基督徒联盟等世界性组织在给他们各类帮助。外国基督教社会的僧款是上述几个说藏语系语言邦的主要活动资费。欧洲各国一直在支持印度基督教徒的人权和信仰自由活动。这就是印度为什么解决不了那些小邦问题的就要原因。

「全世界基督徒联盟」是甚麼組織？我是基督徒但從來沒有聽過這組織的名字，請你提供一些相關的資料，因為基督教（新教）其中有提及要順從屬世的權柄，因此沒有甚麼大的動力干涉政治。當然，以前帝國主義者打著宗教的旗號是另一回事，也有很多組織要求宗教不自由的地方（如中東）放寛信仰自由。但以印度的情況來看，印度本身是宗教自由的國家，而且某程度上政府是十分尊重宗教的，因此我不認為任何正當的基督教組織會支持他們的獨立活動。

我在網上找過一下，單以Nagaland的情況來說，主要支持的外國組織是Naga Vigil，一個以英國及澳洲作總部的「人權」組織，但他們的自我介紹中沒有提及自己是和任何宗教有關連的。全文見下：

ABOUT NAGA VIGIL

NAGA VIGIL HUMAN RIGHTS GROUP (NVHRG) was founded in the UK with an additional office in Australia, and maintains strong regional support in Nagaland. Our primary role is to facilitate documentation of human rights abuses suffered by the Naga peoples over the past fifty years. In addition we provide some basic medical aid to regions totally devoid of infrastructure, and where diseases afflicting modern society have penetrated. The Naga situation is unique as the Naga homeland is occupied by the armed forces of both India and Myanmar in a region geographically and politically isolated from the rest of the world. As foreigners are denied access to the region under the Disturbed Areas Act of 1958, impartial, continual documentation of the situation is impossible. Nagas are also denied access to Indian passports and hence foreign travel, heightening both the isolation as well as the risks involved with foreign contact. Naga Vigil Human Rights Group strives to give voice to the Naga peoples themselves in the international arena, to facilitate communication between Nagas and supporters around the world, and to lobby official bodies and the media for assistance in bringing about desired changes. 99.9% of Nagas voted for an independent Nagaland in 1951, four years after the same had been promised to them by Mahatma Gandhi.
Naga Vigil Human Rights Group is not a registered charity or not-for-profit organisation. We do not operate outside international laws, however clearly reject the notion that we require any official status to achieve our aims.We rely solely on donations ( and the palrty incomes of the co-ordinators! ) to survive. Donations are much needed but will not be tax deductible. Naga Vigil Human Rights Group is committed to building solidarity and practical strategies to resistance with all brothers and sisters around the world whose basic human rights are being denied and/or whose homelands are being unlawfully and often times, brutally, occupied.
Contact:
Australian Office: Susan King, Joint International Co-ordinator Naga Vigil Human Rights Group Po Box 1296, St Kilda South, VIC, 3182, Australia, or email.
http://starttransmission.com/cmi/naga/aboutnaga.html

因此，我反對任何把基督教與外國的政治活動作沒根據的聯繫，因為這不合乎實情，也和正統主流基督教尊重政府的做法不相符。

相議Manipur的情況：
Manipur的獨立活動主要由Revolutionary People's Front, Manipur（簡稱RPF）策動，根據其組織正式網頁的內容，他們雖然有提及他們「處於早期基督教階段」，但這是有一句帶過，而主要的理據，是他們世代不屬於印度管轄，並且屬於不同的民族，這足足用了數頁來詳細介紹。

以下是他們網頁的自我簡介：

A Sovereign and Independent country Manipur was annexed by India on 15 October 1949 after signing illegal and unconstitutional Manipur Merger Agreement, on 21 September 1949. To restore the suspended freedom of Manipur and to resist the occupation force of India People's Liberation Army (PLA), the army of the Revolutionary People's Front was founded on 25 September 1978 after dissolving the Revolutionary Government of Manipur that took general amnesty from the Manipur State Government in the year 1971. To meet the other revolutionary organisation of our region, the Seven Sister States, in-group level Revolutionary People's Front was formed on 25 February 1979. Then PLA became the regularised army of Revolutionary People's Front.

The first Congress of RPF was held in May - July 1990. For the first time in the history of the RPF, Constitution of the RPF, Organisational Structure, Rank and Files, and, Rules and Regulation of the PLA were adopted in the Congress.

RPF takes up arms and fights for all the dependent and colonised people of Manipur representing the Meetei and Meetei cognates viz., the the Nagas, the Kuki-Chins for granting and restoration of independence and de-colonisation of the State of Manipur from the present colonial and hegemonic Administering Power of Indian, which has been occupying Manipur since 15 October, 1949, till today.

（此為他們的正式網站，但由於寄存在Geocities內，因此在國內可能不能上）：
http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/Congress/4568/

很明顯他們的獨立動機也是和基督教沒有關連的。

有關Mizoram

從網上所得資料看來，Mizram和上面提及的兩個地方不一樣。當地的獨立運動主要由Mizo National Front 領導，而和被稱為「支持恐怖主義」的NAGA VIGIL和以戰爭游擊隊形式存在的Revolutionary People's Front, Manipur相比，Mizo National Front乃是印度憲制內的合法政黨，並且在邦議會中取得了過半數議席。可以說，當地的獨立運動是和其他兩個邦走不一樣的路。

以下是一個第三者網站的相關介紹：
Mizo demands for a separate status in the Indian Union were first articulated by the Mizo Union which was formed in 1946. The main Mizo organization, the Mizo National Front (MNF), was formed over a decade later by group members who were discontented with the federal and state governments' response to a massive famine in Mizo-dominated areas. In 1966, the MNF launched its rebellion with a major military strike that allowed the rebels to temporarily wrest control of key cities and towns in Mizo-majority areas in Assam (REBEL65X = 4). A major government counterinsurgency campaign followed but the rebellion continued until political negotiations were opened in late 1984 (SEPX = 3). An accord between the state and federal governments and the Mizo National Front was reached in 1986 and it resulted in the creation of the state of Mizoram out of the territory of Assam. The MNF won the state's first elections and its leader, Laldenga, became Chief Minister.

The Mizos are not currently subject to any political or economic discrimination but their primary concerns are the limited economic opportunities within the state. Although Mizoram has a 95% literacy rate, which is the highest among all of India's states, there are few job opportunities as there are no large industries and the state government cannot absorb the growing educated population. The protection of their religious and cultural identity also remains an important issue.

Group interests are promoted by conventional political parties that have periodically governed the state since it was created in 1986. Widespread support for the Mizo National Front (MNF) resulted in its large-scale victory in state elections in November 1998. Some Mizos are also represented by the state Congress Party.

Disagreements between the Mizos and the Reang (also referred to as Bru), another tribal group that resides in Mizoram, erupted in violence in 1998 and resulted in the exodus of thousands of Reang into neighboring Tripura state. The Reang remain in refugee camps in Tripura and a rebel organization, the Bru National Liberation Front, is demanding the creation of a separate Reang state within Mizoram.

http://www.cidcm.umd.edu/inscr/mar/data/indmizo.htm

这三个邦当时怎么入印度不入缅甸？

以下是引用无形在2004-1-29 10:32:56的发言：
这三个邦当时怎么入印度不入缅甸？

被英國從緬甸佔領的時間太早了, 英國 1937 年自印度劃出緬甸時也沒劃入, 就這樣

给《香港來的沛》的答复：上述的三个帮闹独立是纯授予宗教问题。你看印度南部的不授予印欧语系，信印度教的的几个大民族不是很坚持的维持印度的统一。我所说的资料是www.unpo.org提供的。国际基督教青年工人组织（英语为International Young Christian Workers。总部在布鲁塞尔。网址：www.skynet.be/sky34197)和世界基督教学生联合会（英语为Worlid Student Christian Federation。总部在日内瓦）是支持印度基督教徒的主要国际组织。

以下是引用无形在2004-1-29 10:32:56的发言：
这三个邦当时怎么入印度不入缅甸？

并入缅甸一样闹独立,他们和缅甸的文化没有共同点
看看缅甸的佤帮\禅帮和克钦邦

《香港來的沛》：这是个国语网站，请你把自己的贴子用过于写吧。。。

我一直都是以漢語發言的，英語部份是從那些獨立組織的官方網頁上直接摘錄出來的，並不是我自己的編的。你可以使用翻譯軟件往那些網站看。

至於你上面提供的三個組織資料，unpo的網頁中只有提及Nagaland，沒有提及另外兩個。而該組織有關Nagaland的資料中亦沒有提及你指出的兩個基督教組織。

此外，你所提及的基督教組織International Young Christian Workers的網址是錯誤的，根本不存在那網頁，我在網上亦搜查不到有關的組織資料，我並不清楚這組織是否真的存在。網上只有一個名稱相似的組織，名為Young Christian Workers，是一個位於愛爾蘭的關注青少年福利、勞工權益、保存愛爾蘭文化的基督教組織。

而World Student Christian Federation的網頁，是http://www.servingthetruth.org/，我上去看過，他們只是一般的國際宣教組織，其中在印度是公開活動的，多從事宣教、防治艾滋，及男女平等的活動，並沒有任何提及你所指支持印度東部分離主義的証據。

因此，在你沒有確實指出可信的資料來源之前，我還是認為你的說法不可信。

一个疑问：这三个邦英国人来之前是何状态？
清国属地，土司？
独立小王国？
部落？
别国（缅甸）属地？

印度从来都是松散的邦联国家。

在英国殖民者的记述中，这三个地区是西藏的属地“达旺-邦迪拉部落”和云南德钦（现云南省德钦县和缅甸克钦邦）之间的原始部落领地。
那加人和米佐人分别就是中国的少数民族门巴族和珞巴族。

又長知識了。謝謝。

加入中国吧，呵呵。

现印度之米佐拉邦、曼尼普尔邦、那加兰邦、梅加拉亚邦、阿萨姆邦以及伪阿鲁纳恰尔邦，连同不丹合并为中国之西南直隶州。
大吉岭、葛伦堡回归锡金，锡金并入西藏省

以下是引用戊己校尉在2004-2-6 17:11:05的发言：
在英国殖民者的记述中，这三个地区是西藏的属地“达旺-邦迪拉部落”和云南德钦（现云南省德钦县和缅甸克钦邦）之间的原始部落领地。
那加人和米佐人分别就是中国的少数民族门巴族和珞巴族。

那加人跟缅甸的克伦人，记得也有联系。

那加与克伦人恐怕没什么关系，倒是与“克钦人”（景颇族）肯定有联系。

有没有关于这些邦的最近消息?

阿三就会意淫,天天说比中国强
分而治之得了

佛教太软弱，印度被压迫的黄种人想以基督教为武器战斗，印尼华人也一样